Meng Xia

The article reveals an essential connection between the mental model existing in the interpreter’s consciousness and the synonymous phenomenon from the perspective of speech generation. Based on this provision, a comparison is made between the translation from the mother tongue to a foreign language (A-B) and the opposite (B-A). It is pointed out that synonymous competence is one of the most important factors for improving the level of translation from the mother tongue to a foreign language. It is suggested that synonymous competence can be considered as a key to the formation and improvement of translation competence, especially the translation model of B-A.

This article attempts to analyze the psychological activity in the translation process from the perspective of Gestalt psychology and to identify psychological factors that affect the translator’s thoughts and word choosing. In addition, the analysis of the poetic translation from Chinese into Russian reveals the advantages of image thinking for translators as well as some features of the Chinese language and translatibg Chinese poetry.

The article highlights the peculiarities of the translation process on the basis of three psychological schools: Gestalt psychology, cognitive psychology, psycholinguistics. The most important psychological processes in translation practice are perception, attention, memory and speech production. It is stressed that studying psychological processes is highly important for real understanding of translation practice and for cultivating skills for future translators and interpreters.

The rapid development of artificial intelligence has created great opportunities and challenges for translation activities and set new tasks for the training of future translators. The elements covered by traditional translation competences need to be supplemented and improved in the era of artificial intelligence. Based on the Sino­Russian translation demand and translation practice, the article analyzes the changes that technology has brought to Sino­Russian interpretation. It is noted that the discipline “Translation from Chinese into Russian” in Chinese universities is mainly intended, first of all, for the era of human translation and is not adapted to the era of artificial intelligence. By combining various requirements imposed on translators in the field of artificial intelligence, we have developed a course aimed at developing important translation competences of future translators as native Chinese speakers, including the competence of post­editing from the native language into Russian. The article comprehensively describes and analyzes the model of the formation of this competence in the era of artificial intelligence.